Element
s subshell
p subshell
d subshell

Electrons are arranged schematically by shell and subshell energy level here, not in their true 3D orbital shapes.
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Sodium (Na)
Click "Remove Next Electron" to ionize the atom one electron at a time, always in the true physical order — outermost, least tightly bound electrons first. Watch how the energy required climbs with each removal from the same subshell, then jumps sharply the moment an electron must be pulled from a complete inner shell.
Successive Ionization Energy (log scale)